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Scar Tissue: Causes, Healing Cycle & Treatment

Scar Tissue: Causes, Healing Cycle & Treatment

What are scar tissues? 

Fibrous tissue that forms when normal tissue is destroyed by disease, injury, or surgery. For example, scar tissue forms when a wound heals after a cut, sore, burn, or other skin condition, or when an incision (cut) is made into the skin during surgery. Scar tissues can be internal as damage in tendons and ligaments and can be external due to cuts and burn [1]. 

Normal Healing cycle 

Normal healing cycle consists mainly of three stages. 1) The First stage is the inflammation stage. In this stage, there is redness, inflammation, swelling, loss of function, and increased temperature. This stage plays an important role as swelling protect the nearby tissues from damage and increased temperature causes the disposal of pathogens and alert white blood cells to start the healing cycle. 2) The second one is the proliferation stage that’s when the proliferation stage starts to build the scar tissue on the wound to heal it and protect it from infections. This stage is followed by fascia restrictions and muscle spasms. This stage is very important as the healing cycle cannot continue without the formation of scar tissues. 3) And the last stage is the maturation stage. In this stage, the affected area starts to get rid of scar tissues and everything starts to clear up by the formation of new skin cells [2]. 

Causes of Scar Tissue

To understand the formation of scar tissues a person should know these. 

Extracellular matrix: The extracellular matrix (ECM) is an intricate network composed of an array of multidomain macromolecules organized in a tissue-specific manner. They provide support to surrounding cells and also separate the cells. The extracellular matrix provides the communication medium for cells. 

Fibroblast: Fibroblast is cells that synthesize the extracellular matrix (ECM). Fibroblast repairs tissues and also helps in tissue reproduction and remodeling. The main function of fibroblast is to make healthy tissues stay connected [3]. 

Myofibroblast: Myofibroblast causes contractions in the tissues of the wounded area. Due to contractions, a person will feel increased pain and decreased mobility. 

Which patients have scar tissues? 

Patients who have tendonitis will have scar tissues in the stages of healing, which is the inflammation in the tendons. 

Patients who have shoulder bursitis will have scar tissues, which is swelling and redness between the top of the arm bone and the tip of the shoulder. 

Patients having arthritis, will have scar tissues, which is the tenderness of joints. 

Person having shoulder impingement in which the tendons of the rotator’s cuff of the shoulder are pinched, will have scar tissues. Similarly, patients who have neck pain, shoulder pain, arm pain, etc. will have scar tissues [3].

Current treatment for scar tissues 

There is two treatment that is currently used to treat scar tissue 

The first one is massage but some studies have proved that massage is not very effective for neck and shoulder pain or any other scar tissues. 

The Second one is metal and plastic instruments, it is a little more effective than massage but it is said that there’s weak evidence of instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization (IASTM) for treating scar tissues [4]. 

Issues with current treatment 

It is said that massage and IASTM are not much effective for scar tissues because they will cause more inflammation instead of treating scar tissues and will make the condition of patients worse. One more issue is that the instruments are poorly designed with short edges that will not treat properly [4]. 

What is the solution to break scar tissue? 

The solution is that the ASTR instruments are invented which are designed properly so that they do not create a problem for therapists and they can be handled easily. Moreover, they shouldn’t cause inflammation. Another point is that they are designed in the proper size that they can detect scar tissues [5]. ASTR tools designed to break down scar tissue, release fascia restrictions and decrease inflammation. Scar tissue, fascia restrictions and inflammation has to be treated at the same time in order to address the root cause of the pain. ASTR tools has several tools to address these issues

10 Elements of dysfunction 

Consider that a person met a car accident and causes injury in his neck. After that, he will face the following stages. 

First, a person will have inflammation, swelling, and redness on the affected area. 

Second stage that a person will start to build scar tissues in the tear-up areas of the muscles. 

During that event, there will be fascia restrictions which are caused due to tightness in fascia 

There will also be a muscle spasm and tightness in the neck which will reduce mobility.  

One will also have trigger points that feel like knots or marbles just under the skin. 

Also, due to pain, a person will adopt habits of bad postures and body mechanics. 

There will be also a problem in gait that is, he isn’t able to walk in the usual way. 

After that, he will have to start getting anxious and being stressed because he will not be able to do any work properly. 

Due to all this, there will be an effect on a person’s diet, which will cause affect the healing of that person due to improper nutrition. 

And in a result of all these events, a person’s lifestyle will be changed and the chronic condition continues [6]. 

Conclusion 

Scar tissues are fibrous tissues that are formed when normal tissues are damaged by injury. Anyone who has bursitis, tendonitis, arthritis, shoulder pain, neck pain, etc will have scar tissues. They are treated with ASTR instruments by the therapist or can be use by patient to treat themselves at home.

References 

  1. Deflorin C, Hohenauer E, Stoop R, van Daele U, Clijsen R, Taeymans J. Physical management of scar tissue: A systematic review and meta-analysis. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine. 2020 Oct 1;26(10):854-65. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32589450/
  2. Mobley SR, Sjogren PP. Soft tissue trauma and scar revision. Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics. 2014 Nov 1;22(4):639-51. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25444734/
  3. Fickl S, Kauffmann F, Stappert CF, Kauffmann A, Schlagenhauf U. Scar tissue formation following alveolar ridge preservation: a case control study. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2018 Jan 1;38(1):e1-7. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29240203/
  4. Sun Y, Weber KT. Infarct scar: a dynamic tissue. Cardiovascular research. 2000 May 1;46(2):250-6. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10773228/
  5. Negenborn VL, Groen JW, Smit JM, Niessen FB, Mullender MG. The use of autologous fat grafting for treatment of scar tissue and scar-related conditions: a systematic review. Plastic and reconstructive surgery. 2016 Jan 1;137(1):31e-43e. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26710059/

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“I have been troubled with the worsening effects of Ankylosing Spondylities (spine arthritis, back pain). After having lived with the disease for over 40 years, I was skeptical that any relief would be possible. To my astonishment, I experienced immediate relief after one session. I am very appreciative of the work you do.”
William KBack Pain
“After having 18 months of traditional physical therapy after two knee surgeries to replace my ACL, I was skeptical that anything more could be done to help my knee pain and stiffness. After just one visit, I was amazed with the results that Doctor Jacobs was able to produce with his Advanced Soft Tissue Release technique! .... I was very impressed with how my knee responded and loosened up, especially since it has been two years since my original surgery. I went in a skeptic and now I’m a believer!” 
Mychal TKnee Pain
“For a year, I couldn’t open my hand. My thumb had very limited movement without a lot of pain. It was difficult to lift anything, even small, or move my hand a certain way without pain. Last year I had two injections put into the area for pain management. And before that, I did about 5-6 months of chiropractic, but the pain would always come right back. As of today, I’ve had 3 ASTR treatments. I can open my hand completely and feel no pain at all. ASTR works! Without a doubt, it does work!“
CarolHand Pain
"Along with the elimination of medication. ASTR technique reduced my migraines in frequency and intensity tremendously"
Jessica YMigraines
“I have recovered quickly thanks to Doctor Jacobs; my pain has not only gone down significantly, but has been eliminated entirely. Doctor Jacob’s ASTR technique works quickly. My favorite thing about it is that it’s pain free. I would definitely recommend his therapy to anyone I know with chronic pain.”
Candace PJaw Pain
"I was able to resume all of my normal activities following his treatment and the headache did not return.”
Jeremy RHeadache
“I was experiencing muscle strain in my forearm and my bicep. I had limited range of motion, I wasn’t able to sleep, and I wasn’t able to extend my arm. After 3 sessions, I was pain-free. And after my fourth session had full range of motion again, was able to sleep, and I’m actually going back and starting to work out. I’m very happy with the therapy and the results!”
KathyElbow Pain
"I was having headaches about 50% of the time for the past several months. After several treatments my headaches started to diminish and I've been headache free for the past couple of months. It's wonderful not to have pain."
Liz SHeadache
"I have been in the physical therapy industry for over 3 yrs now. 6 months ago, I started working with Dr.Jacobs and I have to say that I have never witness such a successful rate of patient recovery as I have here. Dr Joseph Jacobs definitely knows how to get to the root of the patients ailment by his patented tools and methods of physical therapy. I was skeptical at first, but after repeatedly witnessing patients recovery, I have come to believe in his practice. I am proud to be a part of helping patients with their recovery."
Dee Ann PopePrevious Coworker
"I was having bad headaches just about every day after work. After just the first visit my headaches were gone and have't come back"
Drew AHeadache
“For the past year, I was getting numb and tight in my foot. The numbness was horrendous and I didn’t know what to do. After 7 ASTR treatment, now I feel no pain at all. It’s all been very comfortable.”
RichardFoot Pain
“I walked in with TMJ, limited range of motion and pain in my neck and shoulders (with shooting pain above my right ear). After just one treatment, my neck and shoulders got immediate relief! After 3 treatments, my sharp shooting pain above my ear was gone. I’m confident that with “Advanced Soft Tissue Release,” and my diligence in following the exercise program provided, I will soon feel like new again.”
Margarete EJaw Pain
“Before treatment, I had very limited range of motion when turning my neck from side to side or bending forward. After one treatment, I felt a release and could bend and turn my neck with less stress. The treatment was pain free, not invasive and better than any massage I’ve ever had!"
CathyNeck Pain
"I felt back to normal after about a week. My wrist has nearly gained back all of its range of motion after two weeks and pain has reduced substantially. I would highly recommend ASTR to anyone.”
Alex BBack & Wrist Pain
“I had a neck spasm three days ago and I couldn’t move my neck. My neck was stiff and my shoulder was really numb. Now I have almost no pain. I had three treatments and now I can move my neck.”
AnthonyNeck Pain
" It was frustrating process to receive 3 months of physical therapy, 2 cortisone shots, and 3 different orthotics with minimal relief....Thank you so much Dr. Jacobs for relieving my chronic plantar fasciitis pain. I decided to follow the whole program and in just 3 visits I was able to hike 3 miles without pain.You know your stuff and very smart to invent ASTR tools and treatment. I hope more doctors to learn from you."
Elsie JPlantar Fasciitis
"I have been suffering from chronic neck, shoulders, knees pain due to fibromyalgia for the last 12 years. I tried massage, physical therapy, chiropractic and medication but I still experiencing pain. After following Dr. Jacobs diet plan, behavior modification, ergonomics and supplements recommendations my fibromyalgia symptoms has been decreased by 90%."
Liam MFibromyalgia, neck, shoulders & knees pain
"Amazing technique worked to help me break up scar tissue in my jaw, neck, stomach and after breast implant surgery. I am amazingly out of pain"
Janice SalmonJaw, neck & stomach pain
"I saw Dr. Jacobs 3 years ago for daily tension headaches. I was miserable and taking Advil everyday. After several treatments, the scar tissue which I didn't even realize I had on my head and neck finally began to disappear. After about 6 weeks, I no longer had headaches. To this day I still do not! Thank you!"
Melissa KHeadache
"The ASTR tools have been extremely useful in heading off my headaches or migraines as I feel them coming on, as well as tight muscles and other aches"
Stacy HMigraine
"Not your everyday physical therapy, they have an understanding of your body and method to rehabilitation that I have not seen at other places. I would highly recommend this place as they are friendly and take extra steps to help you to become physically whole again."
Maher SBack Pain
"I had a treatment for my morton neuroma for which I had been suffering for 2 years. I had medical treatment but nothing changed. The doctor asked me to do a surgery. I did not want to. I flew 24 hours to have Dr Jacob's treatment: it was really worth. After the first treatment the result was obvious: no pain anymore and I could wear shoes again. Just astonishing! 2 weeks after, there is no more sign of pain. My foot doesn't hurt anymore. I can walk and run. I can sleep a whole night without being woken up by the pain. It's great!"
Christine DMorton's Neuroma
" My back pain had been present for 7 years and after one treatment it was as if it was a new back. I can move it properly now and there is no more pain. The treatment is really a good one, an incredible one!"
Christine DBack & Neck Pain
"I was experiencing lower back pain for over 5 years. My back pain was getting worst in the last year so I tried massage therapy, chiropractic care, physical therapy and pain medication but I did not experience relief.....I sew him twice and my pain is totally gone. Now I am able to walk, sleep and drive without back pain. I am a believer of Dr.Jacobs inventive treatment that called ASTR. I highly recommend ASTR treatment for back or muscle pain."
Shea GBack Pain
" I finally got relief from my knee pain after going to see Dr. Jacobs ..... His approach to physical therapy is very holistic. I wasted several months going to traditional medical doctors who decided that it was my diet or "in my head" without getting anywhere before finding Dr. Jacobs."
Norma FKnee Pain
"...Within only a few minutes of my first treatment, the pain levels and tightness in my jaw and neck went from an 8 to a 2"
Tiffany AJaw Pain
" I am doing just great after a couple sessions with Dr. Jacobs. I have little to no pain now. What a relief! My experience with Dr. Jacobs has been great. Thank you!"
Lola GBack Pain
" I have suffered from SI joint pain for the past 2 years. It was so bad, I had to stop dancing and even had to brace myself fro something as simple as a sneeze... After just a few visits, I could already tell that ASTR technique was working!
Alexandra GonzalezBack Pain
"I could not walk, drive or sit. With the 2 first visit, I felt huge difference I can drive and walk, on the 3rd week my back almost normal"
Nayibe RahimSciatica
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